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  • TB Awareness Generation in Community

    Content

    Awareness should be generated in the community for promoting various health programmes, health seeking behaviours, screening of TB cases etc. by involving and sensitizing community influencers including PRI members and treatment support groups.

    Figure: Activities for awareness generation in community

     

  • Counselling of TB Patients

    Content

    Confidential dialogue between a health care provider and a patient that helps a patient to define his/her feelings, cope with stress, and to make informed decisions regarding treatment.

    The patient should be counselled at all the three phases i.e.,

    Pre-treatment counselling`

    • About TB disease and treatment
    • Air borne infection control
    • Need for adherence
    • Public Health Actions
    • Identification of adverse events
    • Tobacco /Alcohol cessations
    • Identification of comorbidities

    During Treatment Counselling

    • Importance of Adherence
    • Identification of adverse events
    • Importance of timely follow ups
    • Public Health Actions
    • Tobacco /Alcohol cessations
    • Management of comorbidities

    Post treatment Counselling

    • Testing at the end of treatment.
    • Long term follow up
    • Tobacco /Alcohol cessations

    Objectives of TB Counselling:

    • Prevention of TB transmission.
    • Provision of emotional support to TB patients.
    • Motivation of TB clients to complete treatment.
    • Helping patients make their own informed decisions about their behaviour and supporting them in carrying out their decisions.

    Figure: Characteristics of effective counselling

     

  • Do's & Don'ts for Patient Communication

    Content

    Do’s

    • Active listening, emphatic gestures and expressions
    • Ensure the confidentiality of the conversation done with the patient
    • Ensure Minimum interruption during the conversation with patient
    • Ensuring availability of IEC materials such as posters, videos, pamphlets etc. to dispel myths and misconceptions.

    Don'ts

    • Do not use any negative stereotypes
    • Do not have any physical wall or glass between patient and yourself
    • Do not breach the trust and confidentiality of the TB patient
    • Do not make threats or use coercive language
    • Do not exaggerate dangers or risk of TB
    • Do not blame or shame TB patients

     

  • Nutritional Counselling

    Content

    Nutritional Counselling begins with the nutritional assessment of TB patients by

    • Nutritional Status: Assessing the height, weight and BMI of the TB patient

    • Diet and Preference food for TB patients

    • Current appetite and food intake of TB patients

     

    Based on the nutritional assessment, following information can be conveyed to TB Patients

    • Patients with TB should be encouraged to have frequent food intake in the form of three meals and three snacks.

    • Attempts should be made to increase the energy and protein content in the meals and snacks without increasing its volume.

    • The addition of oil, butter or ghee to the chapati or rice can increase the energy content of the diet.

    • Pulses in other forms, e.g. sprouts, roasted Chana, groundnuts, can be taken as snacks in either fried or in roasted form. Milk and eggs to be included in the diet.

    • The use of easily available nutritious foods based on vegetarian/non-vegetarian preferences of the patients must be emphasized.

    • Information about NFSA (National Food Security Act) and Poshan abhiyan should be given.

    Figure: Healthy diet for TB Patients

     

    Resources:

     

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