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Tuberculosis treatment and its different regimens have scientific backgrounds for their formulations. To understand this, we need to know about the mode of action of each anti-TB drug first.
Mode of Action of Anti-TB Drugs
Anti-TB drugs have the following three actions:
Under the National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP), strategies adopted in the treatment of TB are based on the available scientific and operational researches. These strategies are combined to ensure better treatment outcomes for the TB patients. The main strategies include:
Domiciliary Treatment
The goals of tuberculosis treatment are:
Rendering the patient non-infectious, breaking the chain of transmission and decreasing the infection pool
Decreasing case fatality and morbidity by ensuring relapse-free cure
Minimising and preventing the development of drug resistance.
To meet the goals of treatment, the regimens should be:
Check
It is crucial to make an effort for microbiological confirmation in presumptive Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB) cases. Appropriate specimens from the Extrapulmonary (EP) site are collected and, depending on the specimen type and availability of facilities, the specimens are sent for:
On the basis of diagnosis, Tuberculosis (TB) can be classified into 2 main types:
Microbiologically Confirmed TB
Based on the site of disease, Tuberculosis can be classified as-