Following are the risk factors that increase the chances of developing TB disease in an individual:
Figure: Risk factors for developing active TB
Resources:
Figure Mycobacterium tuberculosis
TB is caused due to the infection by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
People who have been exposed to patients with infectious TB are known as TB contacts; they constitute a high-risk group for TB. Case finding investigation contributes to the early detection of TB cases, and results in identifying a significant number of additional patients.
Figure: Approaches to Tuberculosis Case Finding
The National Tuberculosis Control Program (NTP) of India was launched in 1962. It relied on BCG, X-ray based diagnosis and Streptomycin and INH based treatment centralized at district level.
The Government of India has committed to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals(SDG) targets related to ending TB by 2025 (5 years ahead of the global target). This would mean that in 2025, the 2030 target of achieving 80% reduction in incidence, 90% reduction in deaths due to TB compared to that of 2015, is to be achieved.
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Figure: Causative agent for Tuberculosis is Bacillus: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb)
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