Presumptive Drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) is identified by the health facility doctor during passive screening or by health staff/ community volunteers during Active Case Finding (ACF).
Prompt referral and sample collection is an important step after identifying presumptive TB/ DR-TB.
The National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP) in India has established well-organised Drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) management structures at the national, state and district level.
There are currently five categories of drug-resistant TB treated under the National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP) at present: Isoniazid (INH)-Resistant TB, Rifampicin (R) Resistant-TB , Multi- Drug Resistant TB (MDR-TB), Pre-Extensively Drug Resistant TB (pre-XDR-TB) and Extensively Drug Resistant TB (XDR-TB).
DR-TB scenario in India
Drugs that are part of the shorter Bedaquiline (Bdq)-containing regimen have some typical side effects which need close monitoring of Drug Resistant-TB (DR-TB) patients while providing the treatment.
In adults, the dosage of drugs for a shorter oral Bedaquiline (Bdq) - containing Multi-drug Resistant (MDR)/ Rifampicin-resistant Tuberculosis (RR-TB) regimen, varies according to their weight.
The table below provides drug dosages for adult patients, according to their weight bands, in a shorter oral Bedaquiline-containing MDR/RR-TB regimen.
|
Sr No |
Drugs |
|---|
It is important to know the dosages of Multi (M)/ Extensively Drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) drugs for adults on a longer oral M/XDR-TB regimen.
The table below shows the M/XDR-TB regimen drugs for adults weight band-wise, used in longer oral M/XDR-TB regimen customized for India by national experts.
|
Sr.No |
Drugs |
16-29 kg |
|---|
When there is a modification in the Drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) regimen as suggested by the Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Centre (DR-TBC), the district drug storekeeper/ pharmacist prepares the modified boxes from loose Second-line anti-TB Drugs (SLD) supplied from the State Drug Store (SDS).
The principles of designing Drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) treatment regimens (Shorter or longer oral Multi (M)/ Extensively Drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB), and H mono/ poly DR-TB regimens in children are similar to adults:
Goals of Drug-resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) treatment under the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP) are as follows: